VIVA ITALIA: A Tale of Two Cities

If you are looking for spectacular architecture with a glimpse into history, Florence and Rome offer a captivating journey through time. With vibrant art, rich culture and unforgettable culinary experiences, Mark Knoff-Thomas reveals why these iconic cities deserve a spot at the top of your travel wish list.

Italy, a strong contender for the title of ‘the greatest country on earth’ IMHO, is a country that seems to exist on a whole other stratosphere for food, beauty, fashion, art, history, and overall charm. The Italians, actually the Romans to be historically accurate, gave us roads, aqueducts, sewage systems, concrete, bridges with arches, the calendar we use today, underfloor heating, pizza – the list is almost endless. And while there are an abundance of breathtaking places to explore across this stunning country, two cities stand out for me, for their unparalleled cultural heritage: Rome and Florence. Each offers a unique way of experiencing Italy, whether you’re strolling through ancient ruins, marvelling at Renaissance masterpieces, or indulging in Italy’s mouth-watering cuisine. Here’s my take on the best things to see and do in these iconic cities on a whistle-stop tour, plus when to visit to make the most of your time.

ROME

Rome isn’t just a destination; it’s a journey through a millennia of history. From the grandeur of the how-the-hell-did-they-build-that-way-back-then Colosseum to the elegance of the Trevi Fountain, the city’s landmarks tell the story of empires, popes, and cultural revolutions – Mussolini also left his mark.

Beyond the famous tourist spots, Rome is a city that reveals its charm in the little things—the cobbled streets, the unexpected piazzas, the random pieces of marble that are thousands of years old strewn on the road side, the family run trattorias serving up the best and simplest pasta you’ll ever taste.

Whether you’re a first-time visitor or a full-blown Italophile, there’s something magical about Rome’s intoxicating blend of ancient ruins, grand churches, olive-tree silhouetted skyline, and bustling streets. Here are the top five things you can’t miss during your stay in the Eternal City:

TOP 5 THINGS TO DO IN ROME:

1. Wander the Roman Forum – the Roman Forum, once the heart of political, commercial, and religious life in ancient Rome, is a sprawling complex of ruins. Explore temples, basilicas, and triumphal arches while soaking in the atmosphere of a bygone era. A visit here, early in your holiday, offers a deeper understanding of what life was like in ancient Rome.
2. Visit the Colosseum – you can’t visit Rome without paying homage to its most iconic structure. The Colosseum is jaw-dropping. A symbol of Roman engineering and gladiatorial combat, is best experienced on a guided tour. Skip the lines (book online pre-visit) and step inside to learn about its fascinating history.
3. Marvel at the Pantheon – the Pantheon is one of the world’s best-preserved ancient buildings and a testament to Roman architectural brilliance. Once a pagan temple, it’s now a functioning church, and stepping inside is like entering a time capsule. The oculus in the dome - a circular opening that lets natural light pour in - is one of the most awe-inspiring features.
4. Throw a Coin in the Trevi Fountain – it's peak tourist, but for me, at least once in your life, you have to visit to throw a coin over your shoulder. This Baroque masterpiece is not only visually stunning but legend has it that by throwing said coin over your left shoulder it guarantees a return to Rome - manifest schmanifest! Top tip – go early… it can get zoo-like from mid-morning onwards.
5. Climb the Spanish Steps – rising to the Trinita dei Monti church, the Spanish Steps are perfect for people-watching. The steps have featured in movies such as The Talented Mr. Ripley; Mission: Impossible, and Fast X, and they lead you up to a beautiful vantage point of Piazza di Spagna, surrounded by elegant boutiques and vibrant cafes. Climbing to the top provides a stunning view of Rome’s rooftops, making it the perfect place for a pause, and also get your steps in for the day (no pun intended).

PLUS – THE VATICAN!

Vatican City, the world’s smallest country, is a fascinating blend of religious reverence and unapologetic opulence. While it’s home to the Pope and countless priceless artifacts, including Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel ceiling, it also houses the Vatican Museum that could give any, actually every, art gallery a run for its money. This place is always busy. Plus, those Swiss Guards - essentially the world’s most fashionable bodyguards, rocking Renaissance era uniforms while keeping the peace.

FLORENCE

Florence is the city that ushered in the Renaissance, a period of intellectual, artistic, and cultural rebirth that forever changed the trajectory of Western history. Florence is like a living museum, with its cobblestone streets lined with palaces, churches, and galleries that house masterpieces by some of the greatest artists to ever live. Florence is a very walkable city, with nearly all of its main attractions located within a short distance of each other.

It’s a place where the past feels wonderfully alive, and every corner reveals something new and beautiful. (Side note: I had the best coffee of my life here, almost made me tear up it was THAT good).

TOP 5 THINGS TO DO IN FLORENCE:

1. Visit the Uffizi Gallery – no trip to Florence is complete without a visit to the Uffizi Gallery, one of the most important art museums that exists anywhere in the world. Inside, you’ll find works by Botticelli, da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael. The museum’s layout is designed to allow you to enjoy the art in a logical sequence, taking you through centuries of artistic evolution. It’s a visual feast for anyone interested in art history. Wear comfy shoes, because you will walk a lot!
2. Admire the Duomo (Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore) - Florence’s Duomo is a stunning masterpiece of Gothic architecture, crowned by the remarkable dome designed by Filippo Brunelleschi. Whether you’re admiring the detailed marble facade from the square or climbing the 463 steps to the top for a panoramic view of the city, the Duomo is a must-see. The cathedral’s interior is equally impressive, with many frescoes.
3. Wander the Ponte Vecchio - the Ponte Vecchio, or “Old Bridge,” is one of the most iconic structures in Florence. This medieval bridge spans the Arno River and is lined with shops that have been operating for centuries. While it may be touristy, the views of the river and the cityscape are worth the visit. If you’re looking for a more peaceful moment, head to the nearby Boboli Gardens.
4. Explore the Boboli Gardens – the Boboli Gardens offer a calming escape from the busy city streets. These beautifully landscaped gardens feature sculptures, fountains, and grottos, as well as sweeping views of Florence and the surrounding hills. It’s the perfect place to spend a few hours, exploring the maze-like paths and enjoying the tranquility.
5. Taste Florentine Steak – Florence is famous for its hearty, meat-based cuisine, and one of the most iconic dishes is bistecca alla fiorentina, a thick, succulent T-bone steak traditionally cooked over a wood fire. Pair it with a glass of robust Chianti wine for the ultimate Tuscan experience. Be sure to sample it in one of the city’s charming trattorias.

Both cities offer quintessentially Italian, but distinctly different, experiences. Rome intoxicates you with its grand history and jaw-dropping architecture, while Florence caresses you with its artistic heritage and Tuscan charm. So pack your bags, set your smart watch, put on your walking shoes, and get ready for a truly unforgettable adventure.

WHEN TO VISIT:

Rome and Florence attract millions of visitors each year, so choosing the right season to visit can make a significant difference to your experience.

• SPRING (April to June):

Spring is one of the best times to visit both cities. The weather is mild, the flowers are in full bloom, and the crowds are still manageable (though getting busier toward June).

• AUTUMN (September to October):

Like spring, autumn has milder temperatures, fewer crowds. This time of year also provides the chance to experience Tuscany’s vineyards at harvest time, while also enjoying seasonal food like truffles and fresh olives.

• SUMMER (July to August):

If you don’t mind the heat, summer is peak tourist season in both cities. Expect large crowds at major attractions, and be prepared for high temperatures, especially in Rome. Just be sure to stay hydrated!

• WINTER (November to March):

If you prefer a quieter, more intimate experience, winter is a great time to visit. The cities are less crowded, the lines are shorter, and the cooler weather means you can explore the museums and historical sites without the hustle and bustle of peak season. Just note some attractions might have reduced hours during the off-season.